Sharpe Ratio Calculator

Measure your strategy's risk-adjusted performance using the Sharpe Ratio. Enter your returns, risk-free rate, and frequency to see your annualized Sharpe Ratio.

Enter periodic returns as percentages (e.g. 1.2 = 1.2%), separated by commas or new lines

%

Use your benchmark risk-free rate (e.g. T-bills)

Select the frequency of your return data

Enter your return series, risk-free rate, and frequency, then click Calculate Sharpe Ratio to see your risk-adjusted performance metrics.

For educational purposes only. Not financial advice. Read full disclaimer

Sharpe Ratio Formula

Excess Return = Return - Risk-free Rate

Sharpe (periodic) = Mean Excess Return / Volatility

Sharpe (annual) = Sharpe (periodic) × √(periods per year)

Where volatility = sample standard deviation of returns

Worked Examples

Example 1: Active Strategy with Moderate Volatility

A trader's strategy produces an annualized return of 12% with a standard deviation of 15%. The current risk-free rate is 2%.

  • Excess return = 12% − 2% = 10%
  • Sharpe ratio = 10% / 15% = 0.67
  • Interpretation: A Sharpe of 0.67 is below 1.0 — the strategy is generating return but taking on a lot of volatility relative to the reward.

Example 2: Consistent Strategy with Lower Volatility

A second strategy returns 10% annually with a much lower standard deviation of 6%, and the same 2% risk-free rate.

  • Excess return = 10% − 2% = 8%
  • Sharpe ratio = 8% / 6% = 1.33
  • Interpretation: Despite lower raw returns, Strategy 2 has a superior Sharpe of 1.33 because it achieves those returns with far less volatility.

How to Use This Calculator

  1. Enter your periodic returns — paste your returns as comma-separated values (e.g., 2.1, -0.8, 1.5, 3.2). Each value represents one period.
  2. Set the risk-free rate — enter the annualized risk-free rate (e.g., current T-bill yield). The calculator converts it to match your return frequency.
  3. Choose your frequency — select daily, weekly, monthly, or annual to tell the calculator how often your returns are measured.
  4. Click Calculate — the tool computes the annualized Sharpe Ratio, mean excess return, and volatility for your strategy.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a good Sharpe ratio?
A Sharpe ratio above 1.0 is generally considered acceptable, above 2.0 is very good, and above 3.0 is excellent. The S&P 500 has historically produced a Sharpe around 0.5–0.6 over long periods.
What does a negative Sharpe ratio mean?
A negative Sharpe ratio means the strategy is underperforming the risk-free rate. You would be better off holding cash or T-bills than running the strategy, since you're taking on risk without being compensated for it.
What's the difference between Sharpe and Sortino?
The Sharpe ratio penalizes all volatility — both upside and downside swings. The Sortino ratio only penalizes downside volatility, making it a fairer measure for strategies with large but desirable winning periods.
What risk-free rate should I use?
Use the current 3-month or 1-year U.S. Treasury bill yield as a proxy for the risk-free rate. For backtesting historical data, use the T-bill rate that corresponded to each period rather than today's rate.
Why annualize the Sharpe ratio?
Annualizing allows apples-to-apples comparison between strategies measured at different frequencies. A monthly Sharpe of 0.30 annualizes to about 1.04, which is much more intuitive to interpret and compare against benchmarks.